The origins of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in swine are unknown, highlighting
gaps in our understanding of influenza A virus (IAV) ecology and evolution. We review how …

Since swine influenza virus was first isolated in 1930, it has become endemic in pigs
worldwide. Although large amount of swine influenza vaccines has been used in swine …

The complex and unresolved evolutionary origins of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic
exposed major gaps in our knowledge of the global spatial ecology and evolution of …

As a result of human-to-pig transmission, pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus was
detected in pigs soon after it emerged in humans. In the United States, this transmission was …

The global anxiety and a significant threat to public health due to the current COVID-19
pandemic reiterate the need for active surveillance for the zoonotic virus diseases of …

Abstract The pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus is unique in many aspects, especially in its
genetics and evolution. In this paper, we examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the …

The 2009 pandemic influenza virus (pdm/09) has been frequently introduced to pigs and
has reassorted with other swine viruses. Recently, H3N2 reassortants with pdm/09-like …

The rapidly evolving antigenic diversity of influenza A virus (IAV) genomes in swine makes it
imperative to detect emerging novel strains and track their circulation. We analyzed in our …

The fundamental premise of the One Health concept is that the collective health of humans,
animals, and their shared environments depends upon the interactions between each …

The pandemic A/H1N1 influenza viruses emerged in both Mexico and the United States in
March 2009, and were transmitted efficiently in the human population. They were transmitted …