Discovered more than 30 years ago, the angiotensin AT2 receptor (AT2R) has evolved from
a binding site with unknown function to a firmly established major effector within the …

It is increasingly apparent that not only is a cure for the current worldwide diabetes epidemic
required, but also for its major complications, affecting both small and large blood vessels …

Body fluid conditions are continuously monitored in the brain to regulate thirst and salt-
appetite sensations. Angiotensin II drives both thirst and salt appetite; however, the neural …

This review focuses on the dysfunction of the intrinsic brain renin–angiotensin system (RAS)
in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Hyperactivity of the brain RAS plays a critical role in …

Background—The role of angiotensin II receptor subtypes was investigated in focal brain
ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Methods and Results—In …

Abstract Purpose of Review In many instances, the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the
vasopressinergic system (VPS) are jointly activated by the same stimuli and engaged in the …

It is critical for cells to maintain a homeostatic balance of water and electrolytes because
disturbances can disrupt cellular function, which can lead to profound effects on the …

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays an essential role in cerebral ischemia as a
proapoptotic factor. We hypothesized that HIF-1α siRNA can protect the brain from ischemic …

Angiotensin-II acts at its type-1 receptor (AT1R) in the brain to regulate body fluid
homeostasis, sympathetic outflow and blood pressure. However, the role of the angiotensin …

The AT1 receptor has mainly been associated with the pathological effects of the renin-
angiotensin system (RAS)(eg, hypertension, heart and kidney diseases), and constitutes a …