In police reform circles, many scholars and policymakers diagnose the frayed relationship
between police forces and the communities they serve as a problem of illegitimacy, or the …

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a contemporary review of the research on
racial disparities in police decision making. Design/methodology/approach State of the art …

Research has shown that legal cynicism is pervasive among residents of poor, black
neighborhoods. However, controlling for crime rates, these residents call police at higher …

There is great concern about algorithmic racial bias in the risk assessment instruments
(RAIs) used in the criminal legal system. When testing for algorithmic bias, most research …

This study examines the association between police facial recognition technology (FRT)
deployment and racial differences in arrests across 1136 US cities in 2016. We estimated …

As incarceration rates have risen in the US, so has the overrepresentation of African
Americans and Latinos among prison inmates. Whether and to what degree these …

Social, political, and economic relationships played key roles in the historical development
of the police. The authors present policing strategies from the vantage points of marginalized …

This study analyzes the association between police organizational and environmental
factors and police misconduct using data derived from the new National Police Misconduct …

An overview of juvenile justice in the United States--The history of juvenile justice and
origins of the juvenile court--Theories of delinquency and intervention programs--The legal …

Sexual assault prosecution is often influenced by extralegal factors, such as victims' age,
race, and prior relationship to the assailant. The importance of evidentiary characteristics …