The extensive oxygen gradient between the air we breathe (Po2~ 21 kPa) and its ultimate
distribution within mitochondria (as low as~ 0.5–1 kPa) is testament to the efforts expended …

Prediction of chemical-induced hepatotoxicity in humans from in vitro data continues to be a
significant challenge for the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Generally …

Within the liver, non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) are critically involved in the regulation of
hepatocyte polarization and maintenance of metabolic function. We here report the …

The technique of cryopreservation (maintenance of biological samples in a state of
'suspended animation'at cryogenic temperatures), its potential use in tissue engineering …

Tissue engineering is a field that has truly emerged in the last decade. It has brought
together diverse technologies, eg cell culture, polymer chemistry and transplantation. The …

Tissue engineering is one approach to address the donor-organ shortage, but to attain
clinically significant viable cell densities in thick tissues, laboratory-constructed tissues must …

Hepatocyte aggregation into spheroids attributes to their increased activity, but in the
absence of a vascular network the cells in large spheroids experience mass transfer …

The liver is the central hub of xenobiotic metabolism and consequently the organ most prone
to cosmetic-and drug-induced toxicity. Failure to detect liver toxicity or to assess compound …

The liver is a major site for the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds due to its abundant
level of phase I/II metabolic enzymes. With the cost of drug development escalating to over …

A three-part, coupled model of cell dehydration, nucleation, and crystal growth was used to
study intracellular ice formation (IIF) in cultured hepatocytes frozen in the presence of …