Autophagosomes are double-membrane vesicles newly formed during autophagy to engulf
a wide range of intracellular material and transport this autophagic cargo to lysosomes (or …

The autophagic pathway involves the encapsulation of substrates in double-membraned
vesicles, which are subsequently delivered to the lysosome for enzymatic degradation and …

Abstract Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) detects infections or tissue damage by
binding to microbial or self DNA in the cytoplasm. Upon binding DNA, cGAS produces …

Protein aggregation is a hallmark of multiple human pathologies. Autophagy selectively
degrades protein aggregates via aggrephagy. How selectivity is achieved has been elusive …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the ongoing
coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. How SARS-CoV-2 regulates cellular responses to …

The field of autophagy research has developed rapidly since the first description of the
process in the 1960s and the identification of autophagy genes in the 1990s. Autophagy is …

Autophagy is a powerful tool that host cells use to defend against viral infection. Double-
membrane vesicles, termed autophagosomes, deliver trapped viral cargo to the lysosome …

Autophagy is a conserved pathway that delivers cytoplasmic contents to the lysosome for
degradation. Here we consider its roles in neuronal health and disease. We review …

Autophagy is an essential cellular mechanism which plays “housekeeping” role in normal
physiological processes including removing of long lived, aggregated and misfolded …

Multidrug resistance (MDR) occurs frequently after long-term chemotherapy, resulting in
refractory cancer and tumor recurrence. Therefore, combatting MDR is an important issue …