Pain is the primary motivation for seeking medical care. Although pain may subside as
inflammation resolves or an injury heals, it is increasingly evident that persistency of the pain …

The inclusion of women in preclinical pain studies has become more commonplace in the
last decade as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released its “Sex as a Biological …

Although sex dimorphism is increasingly recognized as an important factor in pain, female-
specific pain signaling is not well studied. Here we report that administration of IL-23 …

We aimed to investigate a sexually dimorphic role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)
in rodent models of pain. Based on findings in migraine where CGRP has a preferential pain …

Migraine headache results from activation of meningeal nociceptors, however, the
hypothalamus is activated many hours before the emergence of pain. How hypothalamic …

Objective Migraine is three times more common in women. CGRP plays a critical role in
migraine pathology and causes female‐specific behavioral responses upon meningeal …

The prevalence and severity of many chronic pain syndromes differ across sex, and recent
studies have identified differences in immune signalling within spinal nociceptive circuits as …

Background: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the association between
prolactin (PRL) and metabolic parameters in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome …

Background There are clinically relevant sex differences in acute and chronic pain
mechanisms, but we are only beginning to understand their mechanistic basis …

Women experience chronic pain more often than men with some pain conditions being
specific to women while others are more prevalent in women. Prolactin, a neuropeptide …