The transition from adolescence to adulthood is characterized by improvements in higher-
order cognitive abilities and corresponding refinements of the structure and function of the …

Cognitive flexibility, the readiness with which one can selectively switch between mental
processes to generate appropriate behavioral responses, develops in a protracted manner …

Background Air pollution is a suspected developmental neurotoxicant. Many schools are
located in close proximity to busy roads, and traffic air pollution peaks when children are at …

Research has demonstrated that extensive structural and functional brain development
continues throughout adolescence. A popular notion emerging from this work states that a …

Visual-spatial working memory measures are widely used in clinical and experimental
settings. Furthermore, it has been argued that the male advantage in spatial abilities can be …

Brains systems undergo unique and specific dynamic changes at the cellular, circuit, and
systems level that underlie the transition to adult-level cognitive control. We integrate …

The ability to use cognitive reappraisal to regulate emotions is an adaptive skill in adulthood,
but little is known about its development. Because reappraisal is thought to be supported by …

Since the discovery that patients with damage to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) show similar
deficits in cognitive control as young children, the PFC model of cognitive control …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by executive dysfunction, and working
memory (WM) comprises one core component of executive function. Many studies have …

The theoretical and practical understanding of cognitive development depends on working
memory, the limited information temporarily accessible for such daily activities as language …