Nanoparticles (NPs) have an outstanding position in pharmaceutical, biological, and
medical disciplines. Polymeric NPs based on chitosan (CS) can act as excellent drug …

Nanoparticles are often engineered as a scaffolding system to combine targeting, imaging
and/or therapeutic moieties into a unitary agent. However, mostly overlooked, the …

Chitosan is a natural alkaline polysaccharide, which widely exists in marine crustaceans
such as shrimp and crab, has been shown to have various biological activities. It has …

Chitosan is an abundant organic polysaccharide, which can be relatively easily obtained by
chemical modification of animal or fungal source materials. Chitosan and its derivatives …

Introduction Vaccination is so far the most effective way of eradicating infections. Rapidly
emerging drug resistance against infectious diseases and chemotherapy-related toxicities in …

Nanoparticles are structures that possess unique properties with high surface area-to-
volume ratio. Their small size, up to 100 nm, and potential for surface modifications have …

Chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer derived from chitin that has wide applications in drugs,
vaccines, and antigen delivery. The distinctive mucoadhesive, biocompatibility …

Vaccines, including subunit, recombinant, and conjugate vaccines, require the use of an
immunostimulator/adjuvant for maximum efficacy. Adjuvants not only enhance the strength …

A significant rise in the occurrence and severity of adverse reactions to several synthetic
drugs has fueled considerable interest in natural product‐based therapeutics. In humans …

The major role of biomolecules in treatment of different diseases has been proven by
several studies. However, the main drawback in successful treatment by these molecules is …