Background Hiccups are familiar to everyone, but remain poorly understood. Acute hiccups
can often be terminated by physical manoeuvres. In contrast, persistent and intractable …

Background Persistent and intractable hiccups (typically defined as lasting for more than 48
hours and one month respectively) can be of serious detriment to a patient's quality of life …

Hiccups are the sudden involuntary contractions of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.
They are generally benign and self-limited, however, in some cases they are chronic and …

Persistent singultus, hiccupping that lasts for longer than 48 hours, can have a tremendous
impact on a patient's quality of life. Although involved neurologic structures have been …

Background Chlorpromazine is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug
Administration for the treatment of hiccups; however, many other pharmacologic treatments …

There are close to a hundred causes for hiccups, or singultus, the most common of which
are gastrointestinal. Causes may be natural or drug induced, and the same agents that are …

Abstract Purpose of Review Hiccups are a common problem that crosses multiple
disciplines including neurology, gastroenterology and pulmonology, and primary care …

Background: Persistent and intractable hiccups indicate multiple neurologic and
extraneurologic disorders. Chronic hiccup is not so rare in patients suffering from stroke: its …

Purpose of review Nearly 4000 patients will be admitted to hospital in the US this year for
hiccups. Hiccups are controlled by a complex reflex arc between peripheral receptors and …

Prokinetic agents are effective not only for disease of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract but also
for those external to the GI tract such as the central nervous system, and the respiratory …