Our host star, the Sun, is a middle-aged main sequence G type star whose activity varies.
These variations are primarily governed by solar magnetic fields which are produced in the …

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) play an important role in space weather. The propagation
characteristics of CMEs in the Corona and interplanetary space determine whether, when …

The Wind spacecraft, launched on November 1, 1994, is a critical element in NASA's
Heliophysics System Observatory (HSO)—a fleet of spacecraft created to understand the …

On 25 August 2018 the interplanetary counterpart of the 20 August 2018 coronal mass
ejection (CME) hit Earth, giving rise to a strong G3 geomagnetic storm. We present a …

In the early days of 2017 September, an exceptionally energetic solar active region AR
12673 aroused great interest in the solar physics community. It produced four X class flares …

This study investigates the extreme geomagnetic storm of May 10–15, 2024, utilizing data
from the SER ground-based station in Chile and the DSCOVR satellite. The methodology …

Stream interaction regions (SIRs) are important sources of geomagnetic storms. In this work,
we first extend the end time of the widely used SIR catalog developed by Jian et al.(2006 …

We investigate, for the first time with a spatial superposed epoch analysis study, the
thermosphere global time response to 159 geomagnetic storms caused by coronal mass …

Solar Ring (SOR) is a proposed space science mission to monitor and study the Sun and
inner heliosphere from a full 360° perspective in the ecliptic plane. It will deploy-three 120° …

The geospace, or the space environment near Earth, is constantly subjected to changes in
the solar wind flow generated at the Sun. The study of this environment variability is called …