Background Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune condition, which is associated with
poor clinical outcomes including impaired quality of life and socio-economic status. Current …

The immune system is closely intertwined with the endocrine system. Many effects of
medications used for various clinical endocrine conditions such as the metabolic syndrome …

Current trends in the management of thyroid eye disease : Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
Current trends in the management of thyroid eye disease : Current Opinion in Ophthalmology …

Although quantitative MRI can be instrumental in the diagnosis and assessment of disease
progression in orbital diseases involving the extra‐ocular muscles (EOM), acquisition can be …

Purpose: To evaluate the presenting radiological features of immunoglobulin G4–related
ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) and their associations with IgG4-related optic neuropathy …

Purpose Thyroidectomy is the preferred approach as the definitive treatment for Graves'
disease. The outcomes for total thyroidectomy in a large series of 594 patients, who were …

Introduction Diagnosing ocular myasthenia gravis (MG) can be challenging because serum
antibodies are often not detected. We aimed to explore whether determining extraocular …

Background: The current study aimed at exploring the cytokine profile in the tears of patients
with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). Methods: Tears were sampled from the eyes of 7 …

Background. Pretibial myxedema (PTM) is a rare dermopathy. The morphologic features and
mechanism of its evolving process are not reported in large case series. Methods. 216 cases …

Introduction: Glucocorticoids represent the therapy of choice for active and moderate-to-
severe Graves' orbitopathy (GO). In some patients, rituximab, a monoclonal antibody against …