In hydraulic fracture, the choice of proppant is very crucial. It not only props the fractures in
the formation but also maintains the fracture conductivity. Proppant technology is advancing …

Proppant crushing, a major proppant failure mechanism, occurs in geothermal energy and
oil/gas stimulation production stages when the level of net stress exerted on the proppant …

Ocean gas hydrate is a potentially efficient and clean oil and gas alternative energy
resource. Wells with complex structure, such as horizontal wells, can improve the extraction …

Ceramic proppants are preferred in hydraulic fracturing because of their high strength, good
sphericity, and excellent acid corrosion resistance. Bauxite is the main raw material of …

The recovery of unconventional natural gas is a potential solution to the increasing
worldwide energy demand and therefore plays a crucial role in the global energy landscape …

In connection with the gradual development of deep oil deposits, it is necessary to develop
deposits at a depth of no more than 3000 m. For the production of such oil, the method of …

In this study, the complex influence of the preliminary calcination temperature of refractory
clay raw materials and mineralizing oxide additives on phase formation, microstructure and …

One of the drawbacks of fusible clays is the narrow sintering interval due to a sharp increase
in the amount of iron-silicate melt at a temperature of 1000–1100° C, which hardens in the …

Recently, flowback data analysis enabled us to evaluate important fracture parameters
including fracture conductivity and volume in unconventional reservoirs. To perform the …

In the oil industry, proppants are used for wedging layers. They are a loose material
consisting of granules. Currently used proppants have different applications, which depend …