ABSTRACT Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has the characteristics of
high transmission, diverse clinical manifestations, and a long incubation period. In addition …

Obesity, which is a worldwide epidemic, confers increased risk for multiple serious
conditions including type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular …

The breakthrough discoveries of leptin and adiponectin more than two decades ago led to a
widespread recognition of adipose tissue as an endocrine organ. Many more adipose tissue …

While it has been known since the 1940s that men have greater increases in blood pressure
(BP) compared with women, there have been intense efforts more recently to increase …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. Hypertension is a
serious medical problem not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. The renin …

The prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically during the past decades, which has
been a major health problem. Since 1975, the number of people with obesity worldwide has …

Wu et al The RAS and Cardiovascular Functions e109 homocysteine decreased
antihypertensive effect of enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, in chronic hypertensive patients. 61 …

The discovery of leptin in the 1990s led to a reconsideration of adipose tissue (AT) as not
only a fatty acid storage organ, but also a proper endocrine tissue. AT is indeed capable of …

Abstract Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has emerged as a key regulator of the
renin–angiotensin system in cardiovascular (CV) disease and plays a pivotal role in …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) enters the host cell by
binding to angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Other important proteins …