A large and increasing number of studies have reported a relationship between low nurse
staffing levels and adverse outcomes, including higher mortality rates. Despite the evidence …

Background Evidence of comparative benefits of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs)
versus oral antipsychotics for schizophrenia has been inconsistent across study designs …

Purpose Realworld evidence (RWE) includes data from retrospective or prospective
observational studies and observational registries and provides insights beyond those …

Quasi-experiments are similar to randomized controlled trials in many respects, but there are
many challenges in designing and conducting a quasi-experiment when internal validity …

State-transition modeling (STM) is an intuitive, flexible, and transparent approach of
computer-based decision-analytic modeling, including both Markov model cohort simulation …

Real-world data (RWD) and the derivations of these data into real-world evidence (RWE)
are rapidly expanding from informing healthcare decisions at the patient and health system …

After decades of warfarin being the only oral anticoagulant (OAC) widely available for stroke
prevention in atrial fibrillation, four direct OACs (apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and …

Objectives Ambiguity in communication of key study parameters limits the utility of real-world
evidence (RWE) studies in healthcare decision-making. Clear communication about data …

There is a significant and growing interest among both payers and producers of medical
products for agreements that involve a “pay-for-performance” or “risk-sharing” element …

Objectives: Health insurers, physicians, and patients worldwide need information on the
comparative effectiveness and safety of prescription drugs in routine care. Nonrandomized …