Light energy is an important factor for plant growth. In regions where the natural light source
(solar radiation) is not sufficient for growth optimization, additional light sources are being …

Nitrogen-containing fertilizers are commonly used in modern agriculture, but the application
rate in most fields exceeds crop demand, with short-and long-term negative consequences …

The aim of this study is to present the light emitting diode (LED) technology for greenhouse
plant lighting and to give an overview about LED light effects on photosynthetic indices …

Indoor plant cultivation systems are gaining increasing popularity because of their ability to
meet the needs of producing food in unfavourable climatic contexts and in urban …

As natural plant growth stimulators, amino acids are widely used to improve the yield and
quality of crops. Several studies have illustrated the effects of different amino acids on …

In this study, the effect of different photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) provided by
LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) and photoperiod on biomass production, morphological traits …

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are a promising technology with a potential to improve the
irradiance efficiency, light quality, and the light spectrum for increasing plant yield and …

The indoor cultivation of lettuce in a vertical hydroponic system (VHS) under artificial lighting
is an energy-intensive process incurring a high energy cost. This study determines the …

Lettuce is one of the most important crops of plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs)
due to their small size, fast growth rate, low energy demand and high marketing value. High …

In recent years, there is a growing interest for vegetables production in indoor or
disadvantaged climatic zones by using greenhouses. The main problem of crop growing …