Objective: The aim of this review was to summarize major topics in artificial intelligence (AI),
including their applications and limitations in surgery. This paper reviews the key …

Artificial intelligence (AI) is gradually changing the practice of surgery with technological
advancements in imaging, navigation, and robotic intervention. In this article, we review the …

The intraoperative activity of a surgeon has substantial impact on postoperative outcomes.
However, for most surgical procedures, the details of intraoperative surgical actions, which …

Surgical workflow recognition has numerous potential medical applications, such as the
automatic indexing of surgical video databases and the optimization of real-time operating …

Dexterous surgical activity is of interest to many researchers in human motion modeling. In
this paper, we describe a dataset of surgical activities and release it for public use. The …

Surgical tool presence detection and surgical phase recognition are two fundamental yet
challenging tasks in surgical video analysis as well as very essential components in various …

Joint segmentation and classification of fine-grained actions is important for applications of
human-robot interaction, video surveillance, and human skill evaluation. However, despite …

Objective: State-of-the-art techniques for surgical data analysis report promising results for
automated skill assessment and action recognition. The contributions of many of these …

This article surveys manipulation, including both biological and robotic manipulation.
Biology inspires robotics and demonstrates aspects of manipulation that are far in the future …

Automatic surgical workflow recognition is a key component for developing context-aware
computer-assisted systems in the operating theatre. Previous works either jointly modeled …