Background: There is some evidence to suggest that social isolation may be associated with
poor cognitive function in later life. However, findings are inconsistent and there is wide …

Episodic memory and working memory decline with advancing age. Nevertheless, large-
scale population-based studies document well-preserved memory functioning in some older …

Background: Although poor social relationships are assumed to contribute to cognitive
decline, meta-analytic approaches have not been applied. Individual study results are mixed …

This review considers a common question in data analysis: What is the most useful way to
analyze longitudinal repeated measures data? We discuss some contemporary forms of …

Does plasticity contribute to adult cognitive development, and if so, in what ways? The
vague and overused concept of plasticity makes these controversial questions difficult to …

Abstract Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize current conceptual
models of cognitive reserve (CR) and related concepts and to discuss evidence for these …

In this monograph, we ask whether various kinds of intellectual, physical, and social
activities produce cognitive enrichment effects—that is, whether they improve cognitive …

In recent years the field of cognitive aging has flourished and expanded into many different
disciplines. It is probably, therefore, inevitable that some of the research has become very …

Accumulated evidence shows that leisure activities have a positive impact on cognitive
function and dementia. This review aimed to systematically summarize the current evidence …

Engagement in leisure activities has been claimed to be highly beneficial in the elderly.
Practicing such activities is supposed to help older adults to preserve cognitive function …