A defining property of retroviruses is their ability to assemble into particles that can leave
producer cells and spread infection to susceptible cells and hosts. Virion morphogenesis …

Epidemics caused by viral infections pose a significant global threat. Cytoskeletal vimentin is
a major intermediate filament (IF) protein, and is involved in numerous functions, including …

As a member of the retrovirus family, HIV-1 packages its RNA genome into particles and
replicates through a DNA intermediate that integrates into the host cellular genome. The …

One salient feature of reverse transcription in retroviruses, notably in the human
immunodeficiency virus type 1, is that it requires the homologous nucleocapsid (NC) protein …

HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein (NC) is a small basic protein generated by the cleavage of the
Gag structural polyprotein precusor by the viral protease during virus assembly in the …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 assembly is a multistep process that occurs at the
plasma membrane (PM). Targeting and binding of Gag to the PM are the first steps in this …

Assembly and release of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles is mediated
by the viral Gag polyprotein precursor. Gag is synthesized in the cytosol and rapidly …

ABSTRACT Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) is a major component of the human innate immune
response against African trypanosomes. Although the mechanism of the trypanolytic activity …

Advances in cell biology and biophysics revealed that cellular membranes consist of
multiple microdomains with specific sets of components such as lipid rafts and TEMs …

The HIV-1 accessory proteins Vif, Vpu, and Nef can promote infection by overcoming the
inhibitory effects of the host cell restriction factors APOBEC3G, Tetherin, and SERINC5 …