Organic acids are important consumable materials with a wide range of applications in the
food, biopolymer and chemical industries. The global consumer organic acids market is …

Chemical synthesis is a well established route for producing many chemicals on a large
scale, but some drawbacks still exist in this process, such as unstable intermediates …

Semiconductor-based biointerfaces are typically established either on the surface of the
plasma membrane or within the cytoplasm. In Gram-negative bacteria, the periplasmic …

The application of rational design in reallocating metabolic flux to accumulate desired
chemicals is always restricted by the native regulatory network. In this study, recombinant …

Over the last few decades, increasing concerns regarding fossil fuel depletion and
excessive CO2 emissions have led to extensive fundamental studies and industrial trials …

Background Advanced DNA synthesis, biosensor assembly, and genetic circuit
development in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering have reinforced the application …

Malic acid, a four-carbon dicarboxylic acid, is widely used in the food, chemical and medical
industries. As an intermediate of the TCA cycle, malic acid is one of the most promising …

Abstract l-Malic acid has many uses in food, beverage, pharmaceutical, chemical and
medical industries. It can be produced by one-step fermentation, enzymatic transformation of …

Industrial chemical production from renewable feedstocks by microbial cell factories
provides a promising avenue towards sustainability. However, the small size of bacterial …

As a bioactive triterpenoid, squalene is widely used in the food industry, cosmetics, and
pharmacology. Squalene's major commercial sources are the liver oil of deep-sea sharks …