Oral cancer is a common malignancy worldwide, accounting for 1.9% to 3.5% of all
malignant tumors. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), as one of the most important …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling either promotes or inhibits tumor formation
and/or progression of many cancer types including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) …

CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, whose expression is
upregulated in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, esophagus, uterus and oral cavity …

TGFβ signaling Smads (Smad2, 3, and 4) were suspected tumor suppressors soon after
their discovery. Nearly two decades of research confirmed this role and revealed other …

We investigated whether transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 promoted epithelial–
mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of human oral squamous cell carcinoma …

Purpose: Smad4 loss is highly related to poor prognosis and decreased patient survival in
oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), suggesting that agents that target both Smad4 …

Background The options of (neo-) adjuvant immunotherapy in addition to surgery in the
treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are steadily increasing, but patients do …

Background Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper‐dependent enzyme that cross‐links collagen
and elastin in the extracellular matrix. LOX overexpressed in various tumors. The manner in …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may contribute to tumor initiation, distant metastasis and chemo-
resistance. One of RNA-binding proteins, Quaking (QKI), was reported to be a tumor …

Objectives The TGF‐β/Smad signaling pathway regulates diverse cellular functions,
including tooth development, and is involved in numerous pathological processes such as …