Importance Schizophrenia is a common, severe mental illness that most clinicians will
encounter regularly during their practice. This report provides an overview of the clinical …

The mesolimbic hypothesis has been a central dogma of schizophrenia for decades,
positing that aberrant functioning of midbrain dopamine projections to limbic regions causes …

Glutamate and dopamine systems play distinct roles in terms of neuronal signalling, yet both
have been proposed to contribute significantly to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In …

Economics and mental health are intertwined. Apart from the accumulating evidence of the
huge economic impacts of mental ill‐health, and the growing recognition of the effects that …

Psychiatric disorders encompass complex aberrations of cognition and affect and are
among the most debilitating and poorly understood of any medical condition. Current …

Successful behaviour depends on the right balance between maximising reward and
soliciting information about the world. Here, we show how different types of information-gain …

Computational psychiatry is a rapidly growing field attempting to translate advances in
computational neuroscience and machine learning into improved outcomes for patients …

Our knowledge about the state of the world is often incomplete, making it difficult to select
the best course of action. One strategy that can be used to improve our ability to make …

Surprise signals a discrepancy between past and current beliefs. It is theorized to be linked
to affective experiences, the creation of particularly resilient memories, and segmentation of …

Surprising events trigger measurable brain activity and influence human behavior by
affecting learning, memory, and decision-making. Currently there is, however, no consensus …