[HTML][HTML] Traumatic spinal cord injury: an overview of pathophysiology, models and acute injury mechanisms

A Alizadeh, SM Dyck, S Karimi-Abdolrezaee - Frontiers in neurology, 2019 - frontiersin.org
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life changing neurological condition with substantial
socioeconomic implications for patients and their care-givers. Recent advances in medical …

Immune cell compartmentalization for brain surveillance and protection

T Croese, G Castellani, M Schwartz - Nature immunology, 2021 - nature.com
For decades, it was commonly accepted that the brain is secluded from peripheral immune
activity and is self-sufficient for its maintenance and repair. This simplistic perception was …

The biology of regeneration failure and success after spinal cord injury

AP Tran, PM Warren, J Silver - Physiological reviews, 2018 - journals.physiology.org
Since no approved therapies to restore mobility and sensation following spinal cord injury
(SCI) currently exist, a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms …

[HTML][HTML] Spinal cord injury scarring and inflammation: therapies targeting glial and inflammatory responses

MB Orr, JC Gensel - Neurotherapeutics, 2018 - Elsevier
Deficits in neuronal function are a hallmark of spinal cord injury (SCI) and therapeutic efforts
are often focused on central nervous system (CNS) axon regeneration. However, secondary …

The influence of neuroinflammation in Autism Spectrum Disorder

SM Matta, EL Hill-Yardin, PJ Crack - Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2019 - Elsevier
Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised
by deficits in social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviours. The clinical …

Interaction of reactive astrocytes with type I collagen induces astrocytic scar formation through the integrin–N-cadherin pathway after spinal cord injury

M Hara, K Kobayakawa, Y Ohkawa, H Kumamaru… - Nature medicine, 2017 - nature.com
Central nervous system (CNS) injury transforms naive astrocytes into reactive astrocytes,
which eventually become scar-forming astrocytes that can impair axonal regeneration and …

Proteoglycan chemical diversity drives multifunctional cell regulation and therapeutics

NK Karamanos, Z Piperigkou, AD Theocharis… - Chemical …, 2018 - ACS Publications
The extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes a highly dynamic three-dimensional structural
network comprised of macromolecules, such as proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans …

Microglial and macrophage polarization—new prospects for brain repair

X Hu, RK Leak, Y Shi, J Suenaga, Y Gao… - Nature Reviews …, 2015 - nature.com
The traditional view of the adult brain as a static organ has changed in the past three
decades, with the emergence of evidence that it remains plastic and has some regenerative …

Peripherally derived macrophages can engraft the brain independent of irradiation and maintain an identity distinct from microglia

JC Cronk, AJ Filiano, A Louveau, I Marin… - Journal of Experimental …, 2018 - rupress.org
Peripherally derived macrophages infiltrate the brain after bone marrow transplantation and
during central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. It was initially suggested that these …

Alternatively activated microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system

R Franco, D Fernández-Suárez - Progress in neurobiology, 2015 - Elsevier
Macrophages are important players in the fight against viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic
infections. From a resting state they may undertake two activation pathways, the classical …