Initially adopted as a mucolytic about 60 years ago, the cysteine prodrug N-acetylcysteine
(NAC) is the standard of care to treat paracetamol intoxication, and is included on the World …

Mitochondria are major sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell and are
especially vulnerable to oxidative stress. Oxidative damage to mitochondria results in …

Glutathione (GSH) is present ubiquitously, and its role as a crucial cellular antioxidant in
tissues, including the retina, is well established. GSH's antioxidant function arises from its …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease
characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, for which current treatment options …

Peptide‐drug conjugates (PDCs) are an important class of therapeutic agents that combine
one or more active molecules with a short peptide via a biodegradable spacer to generate …

The retina is one of the most energy-demanding tissues in the human body. Photoreceptors
in the outer retina rely on nutrient support from the neighboring retinal pigment epithelium …

Isodon suzhouensis from Suzhou, China, is a traditional Chinese herb with wide
applications in medicine and food. The antioxidant activity against oxidative stress of the …

N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a precursor of cysteine and, thereby, glutathione (GSH), acts as an
antioxidant through a variety of mechanisms, including oxidant scavenging, GSH …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic disease that usually develops in older
people. Pathogenetic changes in this disease include anatomical and functional complexes …

Endothelial barrier integrity is ensured by the stability of the adherens junction (AJ)
complexes comprised of vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin as well as accessory proteins …