HIV-related cardiovascular disease research is predominantly from Europe and North
America. Of the estimated 37· 9 million people living with HIV worldwide, 25· 6 million live in …

Background The metabolic syndrome (MS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Several
studies have found MS to be prevalent in various African regions. However, no specific …

Abstract Purpose of Review With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART), the
life span of persons with HIV (PWH) has been nearly normalized. With aging, prevalence of …

With the advent of modern antiretroviral therapy (ART), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
infection has been modified into a chronic manageable condition, prolonging the lifespan of …

Objective Prior studies have demonstrated an increased risk of developing cardiovascular
and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) …

Background Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common in HIV patients and can be
diagnosed noninvasively using the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The burden of PAD has not …

Chronic disease of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are now
approaching those of the general population. Previous, in vitro studies shown that HIV …

Introduction: Hematological, biochemical, and immunological alterations may already be
present in HIV-infected patients at the time of diagnosis or before, or after starting …

Background The risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is becoming more prevalent in
pregnant women though not much data is available for pregnant women with human …

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are highly prevalent in those ageing with
HIV. High-income country data suggest that vascular risk factors (VRFs) may be stronger …