The traditional two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cell culture system (on a flat support) has long
been used in cancer research. However, this system cannot be fully translated into clinical …

Agarose is a natural polysaccharide polymer having unique characteristics that give reason
to consider it for tissue engineering applications. Special characteristics of agarose such as …

Bioprinting is rapidly being adopted as a major method for fabricating tissue engineering
constructs. Through the precise deposition of cell-and bioactive molecule-laden materials …

Background: The tumor three-dimensional (3D) spheroid model in vitro is effective on
detecting malignant cells and tumorigenesis, and assessing drug resistance. Compared with …

The constant supply of high cell numbers generated by defined, robust, and economically
viable culture processes is indispensable for the envisioned application of human …

To harness the potential of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), an abundant supply of
their progenies is required. Here, hPSC expansion as matrix-independent aggregates in …

Abstract 3D in vitro model systems such as spheroids and organoids provide an opportunity
to extend the physiological understanding using recapitulated tissues that mimic …

Abstract Three‐dimensional (3D) cultures of human pluripotent stem cell derived
cardiomyocytes (hPSC‐CMs) hold great promise for drug discovery, providing a better …

Naturally-derived biomaterials have been used for decades in multiple regenerative
medicine applications. From the simplest cell microcarriers made of collagen or alginate, to …

Microfluidic technology provides precise, controlled-environment, cost-effective, compact,
integrated, and high-throughput microsystems that are promising substitutes for …