Background: Urolithiasis is the most common renal system pathology; it affects the health of
a many people. Because urolithiasis leads to severe pain, it influences the patient in many …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a serious liver disease associated with inflammatory
bowel disease (IBD). Galectin-3, an inflammatory and fibrotic molecule, has elevated …

Background Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a recognized risk factor for renal diseases,
little is known about HBV infection in individuals with upper urinary calculi (UUC). We …

Objectives: This study is aimed to determine the impact of liver disease severity on the
outcome of patients undergoing endourological procedures for urolithiasis, and to …

Introduction: Giant bladder calculus in recent urologic practice is uncommon. Bladder calculi
have been known to grow to significant sizes in delayed presentations. They may be …