Abstract Hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1) plays an indispensable role in the hypoxic tumor
microenvironment. Hypoxia and HIF‐1 are involved in multiple aspects of tumor progression …

Pregnancy is a state of immunological balance during which the mother and the developing
fetus must tolerate each other while maintaining sufficient immunocompetence to ward off …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a promising immunotherapy for cancers.
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G), a neoantigen, its biological functions and clinical …

Human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) play various critical roles in both innate and adaptive
immunity through processes such as presenting antigens to T cells and serving as ligands …

Tuberculosis is a devastating disease causing high mortality all over the world, especially in
the developing countries. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) is the causative agent of …

Immunotherapy has been used in the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC); however,
most patients fail to achieve satisfactory survival benefits. Biomarkers with high specificity …

HLA-G was described as a molecule inhibiting NK and T cells functions through its receptor,
ILT2. However, most functional studies of HLA-G were so far performed on heterogeneous …

Tumor-associated innate immune cells such as tumor-associated macrophages, neutrophils,
dendritic cells play a crucial role in tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. These …

Human amniotic membrane (hAM), the innermost placental layer, has unique properties that
allow for a multitude of clinical applications. It is a common misconception that birth-derived …

Objective: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease. Severity of asthma and sensitivity to
medications vary across asthma subtypes. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G has a wide …