Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most heritable mental illnesses, but the elucidation of its
genetic basis has proven to be a very challenging endeavor. Genome-Wide Association …

Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe psychiatric disorders which result
from complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. It is well-established that …

We report results from the Bipolar Exome (BipEx) collaboration analysis of whole-exome
sequencing of 13,933 patients with bipolar disorder (BD) matched with 14,422 controls. We …

The idea that disturbances occurring early in brain development contribute to the
pathogenesis of schizophrenia, often referred to as the neurodevelopmental hypothesis, has …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a leading cause of global disability. Its biological basis is unknown,
and its treatment unsatisfactory. Here, we review two recent areas of progress. First, the …

An argument that health is optimal responsiveness and is often best treated at the system
level. Medical education centers on the venerable “no-fault” concept of homeostasis …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable mental disorder and is estimated to affect about 50
million people worldwide. Our understanding of the genetic etiology of BD has greatly …

Biological studies of bipolar disorder initially focused on the mechanism of action for
antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs, and the roles of monoamines (eg, serotonin …

Neuropsychiatric disorders are complex conditions with poorly defined neurobiological
bases. In recent years, there have been significant advances in our understanding of the …

Mounting evidence indicates that Wnt signaling is relevant to pathophysiology of diverse
mental illnesses including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. In …