Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic renal dysfunction syndrome that is characterized
by nephron loss, inflammation, myofibroblasts activation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) …

Bone remodeling is a continuous process that maintains the homeostasis of the skeletal
system, and it depends on the homeostasis between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone …

Fibrosis refers to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in the
processes of wound repair or tissue regeneration after tissue damage. Fibrosis occurs in …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) was a major public health problem worldwide. Renal fibrosis,
especially tubulointerstitial fibrosis, is final manifestation of CKD. Many studies have …

Among the complications of diabetes, cardiovascular events and cardiac insufficiency are
considered two of the most important causes of death. Experimental and clinical evidence …

Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) is a proinflammatory cytokine known to control a
diverse array of pathological and physiological conditions during normal development and …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-
stage renal disease. The natural history of DKD includes glomerular hyperfiltration …

Pyroptosis is one special type of lytic programmed cell death, featured in cell swelling,
rupture, secretion of cell contents and remarkable proinflammation effect. In the process of …

Rotator cuff repair is a common surgery in sports medicine. During the surgery, torn tendon
was re-fixed onto the bony surface. The majority of patients gain good results. However, re …

Background and aims Scar tissue accumulation in organs is the underlying cause of many
fibrotic diseases. Due to the extensive array of organs affected, the long-term nature of …