Climate change is a long-lasting change in the weather arrays across tropics to polls. It is a
global threat that has embarked on to put stress on various sectors. This study is aimed to …

Climate change is a pervasive and growing global threat to biodiversity and ecosystems.
Here, we present the most up-to-date assessment of climate change impacts on biodiversity …

The ocean is a key component of the Earth system (Chapter 1) as it provides essential life
supporting services (Inniss et al. 2017). For example, it stores heat trapped in the …

There is mounting evidence of species redistribution as climate warms. Yet, our knowledge
of the coupling between species range shifts and isotherm shifts remains limited. Here, we …

This Report responds to the invitation for IPCC?... to provide a Special Report in 2018 on the
impacts of global warming of 1.5° C above pre-industrial levels and related global …

Kelp forests represent some of the most diverse and productive habitats on Earth, and
provide a range of ecosystem goods and services on which human populations depend. As …

Kelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the
world. In response, marine managers are working to restore and counteract these declines …

BACKGROUND The success of human societies depends intimately on the living
components of natural and managed systems. Although the geographical range limits of …

The ocean is home to myriad small planktonic organisms that underpin the functioning of
marine ecosystems. However, their spatial patterns of diversity and the underlying drivers …

The oceans appear ideal for biodiversity—they have unlimited water, a large area, are well
connected, have less extreme temperatures than on land, and contain more phyla and …