The collective activity of a population of neurons, beyond the properties of individual cells, is
crucial for many brain functions. A fundamental question is how activity correlations between …

Significant experimental, computational, and theoretical work has identified rich structure
within the coordinated activity of interconnected neural populations. An emerging challenge …

Many behavioural tasks require the manipulation of mathematical vectors, but, outside of
computational models,,,,,–, it is not known how brains perform vector operations. Here we …

Top-down feedback in cortex is critical for guiding sensory processing, which has
prominently been formalized in the theory of hierarchical predictive coding (hPC). However …

Optogenetics ushered in a revolution in how neuroscientists interrogate brain function.
Because of technical limitations, the majority of optogenetic studies have used low spatial …

INTRODUCTION Perceptual experiences in mammals may arise from patterns of neural
circuit activity in cerebral cortex. For example, primary visual cortex (V1) is causally capable …

In the hippocampus, spatial maps are formed by place cells while contextual memories are
thought to be encoded as engrams,,,,–. Engrams are typically identified by expression of the …

Spontaneous synchronous activity is a hallmark of developing brain circuits and promotes
their formation. Ex vivo, synchronous activity was shown to be orchestrated by a sparse …

The large number of ion channels found in all nervous systems poses fundamental
questions concerning how the characteristic intrinsic properties of single neurons are …

Neuronal networks with strong recurrent connectivity provide the brain with a powerful
means to perform complex computational tasks. However, high-gain excitatory networks are …