Antifouling (AF) biocides are the active ingredients in AF paints that prevent the settlement,
adhesion and growth of organisms to a painted surface. A wide range of chemicals are used …

Organic booster biocides were recently introduced as alternatives to organotin compounds
in antifouling products, after restrictions imposed on the use of tributyltin (TBT) in 1987 …

Tributyltin and triphenyltin compounds have excellent biocidal properties and almost all
vessels in the world have used these paints since early in the 1960s. Contrary to …

Organotin antifouling paints have been banned for use on small vessels in many countries,
and copper and organic booster biocides blended with copolymers have been used as …

The interdisciplinary field of marine chemical ecology is an expanding and dynamic science.
It is no surprise that the breadth of marine organisms studied expanded in concert with …

The photocatalytic degradation of selected s-triazine herbicides and organophosphorus
insecticides was carried out in aqueous TiO2 suspensions under simulated solar light. The …

Organotin (OT) compounds, namely butyl and phenyl, were measured in 38 recent
sediments collected in harbours of the Western Mediterranean Sea (Northern: 4 and …

In response to increasing scientific evidence on the toxicity and occurrence of organotin
residues from antifouling paints in the aquatic environment, the use of triorganotin …

Although a total ban on the use of TBT coatings is not expected in the short term, there is a
growing need for environmentally safe antifouling systems. A search for new non-toxic …

There is concern that organic booster biocides in the antifouling paints which will replace
tributyltin (TBT)-based coatings could cause serious environmental damage. Domination of …