Urinary chemistries vary widely in both health and disease and are affected by diet, volume
status, medications, and disease states. When properly examined, these tests provide …

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden episode of kidney damage or failure
affecting up to 15% of hospitalized patients and is associated with serious short-and long …

Background Fractional excretion of urinary sodium (FENa) is a widely utilized clinical test to
evaluate acute kidney injury (AKI). A low FENa (< 1%) is deemed consistent with prerenal …

Background Prerenal acute kidney injury (prerenal AKI), hepatorenal syndrome (HRS–AKI),
and acute tubular necrosis (ATN–AKI) are the various phenotypes of acute kidney injury …

Background Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SCH) is found to be associated with renal
dysfunction. Hyperthyroidism is a well-known cause of secondary systolic hypertension …

Die akute Pankreatitis (AP) stellt die häufigste gastrointestinale Ursache für
Krankenhausaufnahmen dar. Die Mortalität liegt bei 5%, kann jedoch in Abhängigkeit vom …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is very common in hospitalized patients, affecting patient's mortality
and morbidity. Major causes are prerenal AKI and acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Even …

The standard for assessing dietary sodium intake is to measure 24‐hour urine sodium. On
average, 93% of daily sodium intake is excreted over 24‐hours. Expense and difficulties in …

Urinary indices consist basically of urinary concentration, urine/serum ratio or fractional
excretion of electrolytes or nitrogen products. They are useful for the decision making …

Background: After 48 hours of phototherapy, the mean urinary Ca excretion is elevated in
numerous neonates in previous studies. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate …