Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex
pathophysiology that underlies a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes. AD remains …

Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), mainly present in immune cells, epithelial cells, and brain
cells, manifests as an intracellular non-receptor enzyme that modulates inflammation and …

Objective To discuss the efficacy and safety of novel and emerging topical and systemic
therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis (AD). Data Sources The review of the published …

abstract Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic or chronically relapsing, eczematous, severely
pruritic skin disorder mostly associated with IgE elevation and skin barrier dysfunction due to …

For centuries, itch was categorized as a submodality of pain. Recent research over the last
decade has led to the realization that itch is in fact a separate and distinct, albeit closely …

Itch is a defining symptom of atopic dermatitis. Crosstalk between keratinocytes, the immune
system and non‐histaminergic sensory nerves is responsible for the pathophysiology of …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease, and it is considered a
complex and heterogeneous condition. Different phenotypes of AD, defined according to the …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease. Recent research
findings have provided an insight into the complex pathogenic mechanisms involved in this …

Historically, drugs available for treating atopic dermatitis (AD) have been limited to topical
corticosteroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors, with systemic immunosuppressants and …

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin condition with multiple topical
treatment options, but uncertain comparative effects. Objectives We systematically …