Life originated in anoxia, but many organisms came to depend upon oxygen for survival,
independently evolving diverse respiratory systems for acquiring oxygen from the …

Snakes are frequently described in both popular and technical literature as either deaf or
able to perceive only groundborne vibrations. Physiological studies have shown that snakes …

Postcranial pneumaticity has been reported in numerous extinct sauropsid groups including
pterosaurs, birds, saurischian dinosaurs, and, most recently, both crurotarsan and basal …

Abstract The blindsnake superfamily Typhlopoidea (Gerrhopilidae, Typhlopidae, and
Xenotyphlopidae) is a diverse, widespread part of the global snake fauna. A recent …

The phylogenetic relationships of the Holarctic ratsnakes (Elaphe auct.) are inferred from
portions of two mitochondrial genes, 12S rRNA and COI. Elaphe Fitzinger is made up of ten …

Abstract The genus Naja Laurenti, 1768, is partitioned into four subgenera. The typical form
is restricted to 11 Asian species. The name Uraeus Wagler, 1830, is revived for a group of …

If selective forces on locomotor ability and reproductive biology differ among habitats, we
expect to see relationships between habitat, morphology, and life‐history traits. Comparative …

Vertebrate lungs are highly diverse in their structure, topographical position, ventilation
mechanisms, constructional integration into the locomotor apparatus, and the …

In 2014 we observed a noticeable increase in the number of sudden deaths among green
tree pythons (Morelia viridis). Pathological examination revealed the accumulation of …

Conventional wisdom holds that the avian respiratory system is unique because air flows in
the same direction through most of the gas-exchange tubules during both phases of …