Diabetes mellitus is a chronic heterogeneous metabolic disorder with complex
pathogenesis. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels or hyperglycemia, which …

The molecular mechanisms of cellular insulin action have been the focus of much
investigation since the discovery of the hormone 100 years ago. Insulin action is impaired in …

The classification of diabetes mellitus and the tests used for its diagnosis were brought into
order by the National Diabetes Data Group of the USA and the second World Health …

The current classification and diagnosis of diabetes used in the US was developed by the
National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) and published in 1979 (1). The impetus for the …

In animal models, the physiological systems involved in metabolic homeostasis exhibit a sex
difference. Investigators often use male rodents because they show metabolic disease better …

Conformational diseases are caused by mutations altering the folding pathway or final
conformation of a protein. Many conformational diseases are caused by mutations in …

The current classification and diagno-sis of diabetes used in the US was developed by the
National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) and published in 1979 (1). The impetus for the …

Executive summary This document updates the 1999 World Health Organization (WHO)
classification of diabetes. It prioritizes clinical care and guides health professionals in …

Hundreds of millions of people are affected by hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, obesity
and the dysglycaemia that mark a common progression from metabolic health to type 2 …

Dysfunction of the pancreatic β cell is an important defect in the pathogenesis of type 2
diabetes, although its exact relationship to the insulin resistance is unclear. To determine …