Aims: To review and present the current knowledge of incidence, signs and symptoms,
diagnosis and treatment of the occipital encephalocele. Background: Encephalocele (E) is a …

Purpose Occipital encephalocele (OE) is one of congenital malformation of the central
nervous system. However, giant OE, mostly defines as bigger-than-head OE, is extremely …

Introduction Occipital encephalocele is a brain malformation that has been remotely
associated with Dandy-Walker; only case reports and very small series have been published …

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. They both
develop from the embryonic ectoderm alongside other structures like the skin. Their …

Purpose Encephaloceles are neural tube closure defects characterized by herniation of
intracranial contents through the skull, with a mortality rate of 33.3%. Approximately 50% of …

Discussion: Surgery imposes challenges for the anaesthesiologists and neurosurgeons due
to its complex site, enormous size, intraoperative blood loss, and prolonged anaesthesia. A …

Background The prevalence of encephalocele is estimated to be 0.8–5.0 per 10,000 live
births. The most frequent encephalocele is the occipital encephalocele. It is a congenital …

Diagnosing congenital central nervous system (CNS) anomalies is a multifaceted endeavor
that relies on a spectrum of methods, including neuroimaging and genetic screening. These …

Within the embryonic head, a layer of mesenchyme envelops the brain beneath the surface
ectoderm. This cranial mesenchyme is responsible for the formation of the meninges, the …

Introduction and importance Encephalocele is a rare medical condition where certain parts
of the central nervous system protrude through a skull defect, resulting in a deformity where …