Given the marked variation in abiotic and biotic conditions between day and night, many
species specialise their physical activity to being diurnal or nocturnal, and it was long …

Time as an ecological niche variable or “temporal niche” can be defined in the context of the
most prominent environmental cycles, including the tidal cycle, the lunar day and month, the …

Many animals regulate their activity over a 24-h sleep–wake cycle, concentrating their peak
periods of activity to coincide with the hours of daylight, darkness, or twilight, or using …

This comprehensive introductory text integrates evolutionary, ecological, and demographic
perspectives with new results from field studies and contemporary noninvasive molecular …

Most studies in chronobiology focus on solar cycles (daily and annual). Moonlight and the
lunar cycle received considerably less attention by chronobiologists. An exception are …

Considerable research is aimed at developing predictions of ecosystem responses to
climate change, focusing on the spatial scale, such as range shifts and contractions, as well …

The impacts of climate change will not be homogeneous in all countries or between regions
within each country. Mapping projected changes in temperature and precipitation is crucial …

All mammalian cone photopigments are derived from the operation of representatives from
two opsin gene families (SWS1 and LWS in marsupial and eutherian mammals; SWS2 and …

Primate color vision is based on two to three cone types in the retina, each expressing a
different class of visual pigment, making them the only mammals that possess trichromacy …

Light availability is one of the key drivers of animal activity, and moonlight is the brightest
source of natural light at night. Moon phase is commonly used but, while convenient, it can …