Executive summary The Stanford–Lancet Commission on the North American Opioid Crisis
was formed in response to soaring opioid-related morbidity and mortality in the USA and …

This paper reviews recent developments in the neurocircuitry and neurobiology of addiction
from a perspective of allostasis. A model is proposed for brain changes that occur during the …

Substance use disorders (SUDs), defined as a collection of symptoms including tolerance
and withdrawal, are chronic illnesses characterized by relapse and remission. In the United …

Context No randomized trials have examined treatments for prescription opioid
dependence, despite its increasing prevalence. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of brief …

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is a comprehensive and
integrated approach to the delivery of early intervention and treatment services through …

The transtheoretical model (TTM) offers an integrative framework for understanding and
intervening with human intentional behavior change. There are 3 organizing constructs of …

Objective: Although counseling is a required part of office-based buprenorphine treatment of
opioid use disorders, the nature of what constitutes appropriate counseling is unclear and …

We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether dialectical behavior therapy
(DBT), a treatment that synthesizes behavioral change with radical acceptance strategies …

Drug use represents a significant burden to public health through disease, disability and
social problems, and policy makers are becoming increasingly interested in how to develop …

It is common for clinicians, researchers, and public policymakers to describe certain drugs or
objects (eg, games of chance) as “addictive,” tacitly implying that the cause of addiction …