Kidney stone disease is a multifactorial condition influenced by both genetic predisposition
and environmental factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits. Although different monogenic …

Background Kidney stones are a frequent and potentially severe condition, affecting 5–10%
of the European population. Causes are multifactorial, diet in particular plays a major role in …

Urolithiasis is a common urinary disease with high recurrence. The risk factor for the
recurrence of calculi is not very clear. The object of the present study was to evaluate the …

Randall's plaques (RP) are well established as precursor lesions of idiopathic calcium
oxalate (CaOx) stones, and the process of biomineralization driven by osteogenic-like cells …

Context Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia (IIH), an uncommon disorder characterized by
elevated serum concentrations of 1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1, 25 (OH) 2D) and low …

Background: Nephrolithiasis has been associated with bone loss and vascular calcification
(VC), reflecting abnormal extraosseous calcium deposition. Fetuin-A (Fet-A) acts as a potent …

Abstract Idiopathic Infantile Hypercalcemia (IIH) is characterized by hypercalcemia and
hypercalciuria owing to PTH-independent increases in circulating concentrations of 1, 25 …

Background: Sclerostin plays an important role in bone metabolism and adipose tissue.
Animal studies suggest that sclerostin influences urinary calcium (UCa), but this relationship …

Introduction Underlying mechanisms for hypercalciuria remain unknown in most cases; thus,
the designation “idiopathic.” We hypothesized that the vitamin D-inactivating enzyme …

Background Low areal bone mineral density (BMD), increased fracture risk and altered bone
remodeling have been described among stone formers (SFs), but the magnitude of these …