Ghrelin is the only known peripherally-derived orexigenic hormone, increasing appetite and
subsequent food intake. The ghrelinergic system has therefore received considerable …

Regulation of energy homeostasis requires precise coordination between peripheral
nutrient-sensing molecules and central regulatory networks. Ghrelin is a twenty-eight-amino …

Many homeostatic processes, including appetite and food intake, are controlled by
neuroendocrine circuits involving the CNS. The CNS also directly regulates adipocyte …

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity in the western world is
steadily increasing. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment of T2DM in obese patients. The …

Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH) during pregnancy is defined as a low maternal T
4 in the absence of TSH elevation. As IMH is common, with a prevalence of 1–2% in iodine …

Growth hormone secretagogue receptors (GHSRs) in the central nervous system (CNS)
mediate hyperphagia and adiposity induced by acyl ghrelin (AG). Evidence suggests that …

AMP‐activated protein kinase is a key enzyme in the regulation of energy metabolism. Its
activation has pleiotropic effects in multiple tissues, including increased fatty acid oxidation …

The fat mass participates in the regulation of glucose and insulin metabolism through the
release of adipocytokines in a mechanism called the adipoinsular axis. Putative …

The spiropiperidine, MK0677, has been exploited to characterize and expression clone the
growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). Cloning of this receptor led to …

Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide secreted mainly from the X/A-like cells of the stomach.
Ghrelin is found in circulation in both des-acyl (dAG) and acyl forms (AG). Acylation is …