Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infectious diseases worldwide
but are significantly understudied. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) accounts for a significant …

Purinergic signalling is involved in a number of physiological and pathophysiological
activities in the lower urinary tract. In the bladder of laboratory animals there is …

The clinical use of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide is limited by a resultant bladder toxicity
which has been attributed to the metabolite acrolein. Another metabolite chloroacetaldehyde …

A close association between pericytes and endothelial cells (ECs) is crucial to the stability
and function of capillary blood vessels and microvessels. The loss or dysfunction of …

The epithelial inner layer of the lower urinary tract, ie, the urothelium, and other parts of the
mucosa are not just a passive barrier but play an active role in the sensing of stretching …

While the symptomology of underactive bladder (UAB) may imply a primary dysfunction of
the detrusor muscle, insights into pathophysiology indicate that both myogenic and …

Aims Botulinum toxin A (BTX‐A) and sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) are established
treatments for overactive bladder (OAB) and are standard of care in refractory cases in …

Five primary prostanoids are synthesized by the cyclooxygenase enzymes, COX-1 and COX-
2: the prostaglandins PGE2, PGF2α, PGI2, PGD2 and thromboxane A2. High levels of these …

Shiso (Perilla frutescens var crispa f. purprea) is a traditional medicinal herb that exerts anti-
inflammatory effects and alleviates lower urinary tract symptoms. In this study, we examined …

Tachykinins are expressed within bladder-innervating sensory afferents and have been
shown to generate detrusor contraction and trigger micturition. The release of tachykinins …