The present review paper focuses on the chemistry of oxidative stress mitigation by
antioxidants. Oxidative stress is understood as a lack of balance between the pro-oxidant …

Mitochondria are a major target in hypoxic/ischemic injury. Mitochondrial impairment
increases with age leading to dysregulation of molecular pathways linked to mitochondria …

The biguanide metformin is widely prescribed for Type II diabetes and has anti-neoplastic
activity in laboratory models. Despite evidence that inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory …

Mitochondria have emerged as key participants in and regulators of myocardial injury during
ischemia and reperfusion. This review examines the sites of damage to cardiac …

Complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is crucial for respiration in many aerobic
organisms. In mitochondria, it oxidizes NADH from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and β …

The development of drugs with rapid distribution in the kidney and long-term retention in the
renal tubule is a breakthrough for enhanced treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI). Here, l …

Mitochondria play an important role in cell death and cardioprotection. During ischemia,
when ATP is progressively depleted, ion pumps cannot function resulting in a rise in calcium …

The recent discovery that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously produced gaseous
second messenger capable of modulating many physiological processes, much like nitric …

Certain subtypes of cancer cells require oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to survive.
Increased OXPHOS dependency is frequently a hallmark of cancer stem cells and cells …

In this concept article, we outline a variety of new approaches that have been conceived to
address some of the remaining challenges for developing improved methods of …