Oxidative stress, a cytopathic outcome of excessive generation of ROS and the repression of
antioxidant defense system for ROS elimination, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple …

Through their many and varied metabolic functions, mitochondria power life. Paradoxically,
mitochondria also have a central role in apoptotic cell death. Upon induction of …

Neuronal cell death occurs extensively during development and pathology, where it is
especially important because of the limited capacity of adult neurons to proliferate or be …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease
(PD), and Huntington disease (HD) represent a major socio-economic challenge in view of …

The respiratory megacomplex represents the highest-order assembly of respiratory chain
complexes, and it allows mitochondria to respond to energy-requiring conditions. To …

Until recently, the dual roles of mitochondria in ATP production (bioenergetics) and
apoptosis (cell life/death decision) were thought to be separate. New evidence points to a …

Mitochondrial apoptosis can be effectively targeted in lymphoid malignancies with the FDA-
approved B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) inhibitor venetoclax, but resistance to this agent is …

Humic substances (HS) is one of the main organic components of biowaste with high
molecular weight and aromaticity. There is a growing concern that HS will hinder the …

A large body of evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction has a major role in the
pathogenesis of multiple cardiovascular disorders. Over the past 2 decades, extraordinary …

Respiration is one of the most vital and basic features of living organisms. In mammals,
respiration is accomplished by respiratory chain complexes located on the mitochondrial …