Hypoxia is a feature of most tumours, albeit with variable incidence and severity within a
given patient population. It is a negative prognostic and predictive factor owing to its multiple …

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs (∼ 22 nt in length) that are known as
potent master regulators of eukaryotic gene expression. miRNAs have been shown to play a …

Two hallmarks of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are constitutive hypoxia-inducible
factor (HIF) signaling and abundant intracellular lipid droplets (LD). However, regulation of …

The combination of relative nutrient deprivation and dysregulation of protein synthesis make
malignant cells especially prone to protein misfolding. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, which …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the principal organelle responsible for multiple cellular
functions including protein folding and maturation and the maintenance of cellular …

Cancer progression is characterized by rapidly proliferating cancer cells that are in need of
increased protein synthesis. Therefore, enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activity is …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional organelle required for lipid biosynthesis,
calcium storage, and protein folding and processing. A number of physiological and …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the cellular organelle responsible for protein folding and
assembly, lipid and sterol biosynthesis, and calcium storage. The unfolded protein response …

Disturbance in the folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), caused by a variety of
endogenous and exogenous insults, prompts a cellular stress condition known as ER stress …

Basal autophagy plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and genomic
integrity by degrading aged or malfunctioning organelles and damaged or misfolded …