Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and its metabolites function as critical regulators
to maintain physiologic processes, enabling the plastic cells to adapt to environmental …

DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) are amongst the commonest DNA lesions arising in cells,
with many tens of thousands induced in each cell each day. SSBs arise not only from …

Despite several decades of intense research focused on understanding function (s) and
disease-associated malfunction of p53, there is no sign of any “mid-life crisis” in this rapidly …

Accurate replication of DNA requires stringent regulation to ensure genome integrity. In
human cells, thousands of origins of replication are coordinately activated during S phase …

Poly (ADP-ribose) is synthesized by PARP enzymes during the repair of stochastic DNA
breaks. Surprisingly, however, we show that most if not all endogenous poly (ADP-ribose) is …

Mammalian DNA base excision repair (BER) is accelerated by poly (ADP-ribose)
polymerases (PARPs) and the scaffold protein XRCC1. PARPs are sensors that detect …

Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein functions and interactions. ADP-
ribosylation is a PTM, in which ADP-ribosyltransferases use nicotinamide adenine …

The genetic material of all organisms is susceptible to modification. In some instances, these
changes are programmed, such as the formation of DNA double strand breaks during …

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate many aspects of protein function and are
indispensable for the spatio-temporal regulation of cellular processes. The proteome-wide …

The human gene that encodes XRCC1 was cloned nearly thirty years ago but experimental
analysis of this fascinating protein is still unveiling new insights into the DNA damage …