Cranial placodes (which include the adenohypophyseal, olfactory, lens, otic, lateral line,
profundal/trigeminal, and epibranchial placodes) give rise to many sense organs and …

Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis,
including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth …

Macrophages are required for tissue homeostasis through their role in regulation of the
immune response and the resolution of injury. Here we show, using the kidney as a model …

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) represent a large fraction of human birth defects and are one of the
most common phenotypes affected by large copy number variants (CNVs). Due to the limited …

Folate deficiency has been associated with numerous diseases and birth defects including
orofacial defects. However, whether folate has a role in the face during early orofacial …

Formation of a functional renal network requires the interconnection of two epithelial tubes:
the nephron, which arises from kidney mesenchyme, and the collecting system, which …

The cephalic neural crest produces streams of migrating cells that populate pharyngeal
arches and a more rostral, premandibular domain, to give rise to an extensive …

The vertebrate oral region represents a key interface between outer and inner environments,
and its structural and functional design is among the limiting factors for survival of its owners …

Abstract Purpose of Review Craniofacial disorders are among the most common human
birth defects and present an enormous health care and social burden. The development of …

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common birth defect with a complex,
heterogeneous etiology. It is well established that common and rare sequence variants …