A substantial body of research has taken shape on trade in services since the mid-1980s.
Much of this is inspired by the WTO and regional trade agreements. However, an increasing …

An emergent paradigm, referred to as Open Economy Politics (OEP), now structures and
guides research among many scholars. This essay sketches the general contours of the …

Early 2020 has seen a chaos of export restrictions, policy flipflops, price spikes, and quality
concerns surrounding trade in vital medical supplies. This chapter summarises the …

Economists have a tendency to associate “free trade agreements” all too closely with “free
trade.” They may be unaware of some of the new (and often problematic) beyond-the …

In the twenty-first century, the global community constantly strives to bring structure and
order to the world through strategic means. From the highest levels of governments and …

Abstract When the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was signed by 23 nations in
1947, the goal was to establish a rules-based world trading system and to facilitate mutually …

A large and growing number of countries participate in multiple preferential trade
agreements (PTAs), which increasingly entail broad cooperation over policies extending far …

International law is much debated and discussed, but poorly understood. Does international
law matter, or do states regularly violate it with impunity? If international law is of no …

Investment treaties are some of the most controversial but least understood instruments of
global economic governance. Public interest in international investment arbitration is …

Unrivalled coverage of IR theories from leading experts, including historically dominant
traditions such as realism, and liberalism, to theories such as postcolonialism and green …