The striatum is densely innervated by mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons that modulate
acquisition and vigor of goal-directed actions and habits. This innervation is progressively …

For roughly the last 30 years, the notion that striatal dopamine (DA) depletion was the critical
determinant of network pathophysiology underlying the motor symptoms of Parkinson's …

External rewards such as food and money are potent modifiers of behaviour,. Pioneering
studies established that these salient sensory stimuli briefly interrupt the tonic discharge of …

Progressive loss of dopamine inputs in Parkinson's disease leads to imbalances in
coordinated signaling of dopamine and acetylcholine (ACh) in the striatum, which is thought …

Cholinergic interneurons are “gatekeepers” for striatal circuitry and play pivotal roles in
attention, goal-directed actions, habit formation, and behavioral flexibility. Accordingly …

Background Long‐term use of levodopa for Parkinson's disease (PD) treatment is often
hindered by development of motor complications, including levodopa‐induced dyskinesia …

The degeneration of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons that innervate the basal ganglia
is responsible for the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been …

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative ailment generated by the loss of dopamine in
the basal ganglia; mainly the striatum. The disease courses with increased striatal levels of …

Background In advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD), dyskinesia and motor
fluctuations become seriously debilitating and therapeutic options become scarce. Aberrant …

Aims The striatum is mainly composed of projection neurons. It also contains interneurons,
which modulate and control striatal output. The aim of the present study was to assess the …