The term vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) was introduced around the start of the new
millennium and refers to the contribution of vascular pathology to any severity of cognitive …

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is predominately caused by vascular risk factors and
cerebrovascular disease. VCI includes a broad spectrum of cognitive disorders, from mild …

Longitudinal clinical–pathological studies have increasingly recognized the importance of
mixed pathologies (the coexistence of one or more neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular …

Vascular dementia (VaD) is widely recognised as the second most common type of
dementia. Consensus and accurate diagnosis of clinically suspected VaD relies on wide …

Introduction Progress in understanding and management of vascular cognitive impairment
(VCI) has been hampered by lack of consensus on diagnosis, reflecting the use of multiple …

SVD is the leading cause of VCI and is associated with substantial morbidity. Tackling
cardiovascular risk factors is currently the most effective approach to prevent cognitive …

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is commonly caused by vascular
injuries in cerebral large and small vessels and is a key driver of age-related cognitive …

Introduction Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is observed in older versus younger
adults and in late-onset Alzheimer's disease versus age-matched controls, but its causes …

Aging is an inevitable process that all individuals experience, of which the extent differs
among individuals. It has been recognized as the risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases …

The clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) is based on imaging criteria, and specific
biochemical markers are not available. Here, we investigated the potential of cerebrospinal …